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The most famous market bubbles in history

Every generation swears "this time is different". Every time, the script repeats: euphoria, leverage, denial, crash. Knowing past bubbles is the best vaccine.

Dutch tulip mania (1637)

The textbook case: at the peak, a single rare bulb was worth as much as a house on Amsterdam's canals. The market collapsed within weeks, leaving financial history's first great warning.

The South Sea Bubble (1720)

The South Sea Company mania swept all of England. Among the victims: Isaac Newton, who lost a fortune and reportedly remarked: "I can calculate the motion of heavenly bodies, but not the madness of people".

1929

Mass leveraged speculation (stocks bought on 10% margin), new-era euphoria, then the crash: -89% for the Dow Jones and the Great Depression. The SEC and modern market rules were born from it.

The dot-coms (2000)

A ".com" in the name was enough to double a stock. The Nasdaq lost 78% in two years; yet from those ashes emerged Amazon and Google: the technology was real, the prices weren't.

The recurring signals

Prices detached from every metric, widespread leverage, mass participation by first-time investors, and the refrain "this time is different". Nobody predicts the exact moment of the burst, but the symptoms are always the same — and data on real flows (what big funds do, not what social media says) helps separate substance from euphoria.